A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Within an outcomes framework, assessment is the purposeful, systematic and ongoing collection of information about students' demonstrations of learning outcomes.
Students' progress in the key learning area of the Years 1 —10 Health and Physical Education syllabus can be monitored by their demonstrations of the core learning outcomes.
Basic counselling skills refers to the everyday listening, talking and caring relationship which exists between teacher and student. Teachers are not expected to fulfill the specialist role of counsellor.
If counselling students with drug use problems, a teacher needs to consider the following six principles when providing intervention:
For a further discussion of the six principles for basic counselling, please refer to Face 2 Face — A manual for drug counselling in schools by David Mooney (Health Issues Section, Education Queensland).
Psychoactive substances and their precursors which are subject to controls on their manufacture, sale and distribution.
Counselling is a critical component of effective treatment for substance abuse. Individualised drug counselling focuses directly on the reduction or cessation of the person's drug use. It also addresses related areas of impaired functioning.
Patients address issues of motivation, develop skills such as problem-solving skills that may assist them to resist drug use, and learn to replace drug-related pursuits with constructive and rewarding activities which do not involve the use of drugs. The aim is to facilitate interpersonal relationships and improve the individual's ability to function within the family and the community.
Strategies that take into account the practices and beliefs of a particular population group, so that the relevant initiatives are acceptable, accessible, persuasive and meaningful.
Demand reduction strategies seek to reduce the desire for and preparedness to obtain and use drugs. They are designed to prevent the uptake of harmful drug use and include abstinence oriented strategies aimed at reducing drug use. Their purpose is to prevent harmful drug use and drug related harm.
Depressants are drugs which slow down the central nervous system. Alcohol is the most used depressant. Analgesics, benzodiazepines and heroin are other examples. Cannabis can also have depressant effects when used in small amounts. Users may experience decreased heart and respiration rate as well as relief from anxiety when using some of these drugs
A substance which produces a psychoactive effect. Within the context of the National Drug Strategic Framework, the term drug is used generically to include tobacco, alcohol, pharmaceutical drugs and illicit drugs. The National Drug Strategic Framework also includes strategies to address the harmful use of other substances including inhalants and kava.
Any adverse social, physical, psychological, legal or other consequence of drug use that is experienced by a person using drugs or by people living with or otherwise affected by the actions of a person using drugs.
Educational outcomes are those drawn from State/Territory syllabuses and curricula which contribute to the broader public health outcomes related to preventing and reducing the harm associated with drug use.
The process of collecting, analysing and interpreting information so that judgments can be made regarding the appropriateness, effectiveness and efficiency of the implementation of the syllabus as well as current programs, units and activities that reflect the syllabus requirements.
Hallucinogens are drugs which can produce a wide range of vivid sensory distortions and also alter mood and thought. LSD is an hallucinogen used by some young people. Psilocybin (magic mushrooms) and mescaline (a cactus) are naturally occurring hallucinogens. Cannabis used in very large amounts can also produce hallucinogenic effects.
A pattern of drug use that has adverse social, physical, psychological, legal or other consequences for a person using drugs or people living with or otherwise affected by the actions of a person using drugs. Hazardous drug use is any drug use that puts the person using drugs, or those living with or otherwise affected by the actions of a person using drugs, at risk of these harmful consequences. Hazardous drug use includes any use of illicit drugs.
Harm minimisation underpins the National Drug Strategy and refers to policies and programs aimed at reducing drug related harm. Harm minimisation aims to promote better health, social and economic outcomes for both the community and the individual. It encompasses a comprehensive range of approaches and has the important role of keeping communication about drug use open. Both licit and illicit drugs are targeted.
Harm minimisation includes preventing anticipated harm and reducing actual harm and involves a balance between demand reduction, supply reduction and harm reduction strategies.
A comprehensive approach must take into account three interacting components: the individuals involved; their social, cultural, physical and economic environment; and the drug itself.
Harm reduction strategies are designed to reduce the impacts of drug related harm on individuals and communities. Governments do not condone illegal risk behaviours such as injecting drug use. However, they acknowledge that these behaviours occur and that they have a responsibility to develop and implement public health and law enforcement measures designed to reduce the harm that such behaviours can cause.
Health curriculum refers to the subjects and courses of study which address educational outcomes that are drawn from the Health and Physical Education syllabus. It may encompass health education, personal development, health and welfare.
The Health and Physical Education Statement for Australian schools further states that:
'The health and physical education area emphasises the relationships in a field of influence that includes personal actions, the beliefs, attitudes and values held by families, cultural groups and the wider community, public policies affecting health and physical activity, and the settings and contexts of activities in the area. An understanding of the beliefs, practices and policies in the area of health and physical education allows people to play an informed part in public debate and to take the individual and collective action necessary for emotional, mental, physical, social and spiritual well-being, both personal and social.'
The National Strategy for Health Promoting Schools 1998 —2001 defines a health promoting school as:
'a place where all members of the school community work together to provide students with integrated and positive experiences and structures which promote and protect their health. This includes both the formal and informal curricula in health, the creation of a safe and healthy school environment, the provision of appropriate health services and the involvement of the family and the wider community.'
A drug whose production, sale or possession is prohibited. 'Illegal drug' is an alternative term.
Substances which are inhaled for psychoactive effects, including many domestic and industrial products such as glue, aerosol sprays, paints, industrial solvents, thinners, petrol and cleaning fluids.
An intervention into a person's drug using behaviours and related problems can be brief or intensive. Interventions seek to address the pattern of consumption, dependence and drug related harm, preferably at an early stage, in order to circumvent or contain any further health or social problems.
Brief interventions can be carried out by a range of professionals and offered to those individuals who are less severely affected. The provision of referral can in itself be termed an intervention.
A drink or a preparation obtained from the plant 'kava' (Piper methysticum).
A drug whose production, sale or possession is not prohibited. 'Legal drug' is an alternative term.
Narcotic drug is usually used to refer to opioids. It is also a preferred term in United Nations conventions, where it may be used to refer more widely to other drugs.
Drugs available through a pharmacy including over-the-counter and prescription medicines.
Within the context of the National Drug Strategic Framework, prevention refers to preventing harmful drug use and drug related harm. Prevention includes preventing the uptake of illicit drugs.
Effects produced by a drug or substance that alters mental processes including mood, cognition, thinking or behaviour.
Referral is the process of directing a person to another service or agency for a detailed assessment of their condition. Assessment is followed by counselling, treatment and care as appropriate.
Referral to a specialist in Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug Services should occur when a student's needs are not able to be met within the school by the School Health Nurse or Guidance Officer. If it is necessary to supply the counsellor or organisation with information regarding the student's condition or circumstances, this must occur with the full consent of the student.
A school community can include students, school staff (including teachers, other professionals, administrators and support staff), parents/guardians and other carers, interested individuals and members of other agencies and organisations government and non government who work together to achieve the best educational and personal outcomes for students.
School health program refers to the subjects and courses of study which address the curriculum areas that draw from the Queensland School Curriculum Council Health and Physical Education Years 1 —10 syllabus.
It may encompass health education, personal development, health and welfare or other curriculum areas that schools perceive as relevant.
Stimulants are drugs which increase activity in the central nervous system. Caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines, ecstasy and cocaine are stimulants. These drugs increase heart rate, blood pressure and breathing. They also have the potential to suppress appetite and keep the user awake.
Supply reduction strategies aim to disrupt the production and supply of illicit drugs. They may also be used to impose limits on access to and the availability of licit drugs. An example is legislation regulating the sale of alcohol and tobacco to people under the age of 18 years.
This is a safe, supportive learning environment that will provide for the physical, physiological, psychological, social, cultural, aesthetic and intellectual development of students.
Drug use that is proscribed by law, school authorities or school policies and/or guidelines. It includes illicit, social and prescription drugs.
The commencement of drug use.
A value is a judgment of what is important or worthwhile in life. Values are determined by the beliefs we hold as both individuals and groups. People's lives are influenced by values because they impact upon decision-making. Values are demonstrated by the way we act.
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© The State of Queensland (Department of Education, Training and Employment) 2005.